引述
一、八種詞類請尊重智慧財產權 ，謝謝。
八大詞類( the parts of speech) by Jessie Lin
每一個英文單字都歸屬於英文的八大詞類之一。一個字可以同時有好幾種不同的詞性。如： Love is a wonderful thing. I love you. 這兩個句子中love 分別是名詞與動詞。所以須依前後文來判斷詞性。在記單字時要一併把詞性記住才能正確的使用。
1. 名詞(nouns)：名詞顧名思義是人、地、物甚至是抽象概念的名字。可作為主詞、受詞與補語。也經常接在其他詞類後形成片語。
如：Peter, Taipei, table, truth..等。
Jessie is an English teacher.
My boyfriend bought some flowers for me on my birthday.
2. 代名詞(pronouns)：是用來取代名詞的字。前面已經提過的名詞或是說話者彼此已知的名詞都可用代名詞代替。主要是避免重複。
如：you, him, herself, everyone, this, which, what…等。
These are not my books.
Linda’s husband gave her a diamond. It cost NT50,000.
3. 形容詞(adjectives)：用來形容、描述、說明一個名詞或代名詞。形容詞多放在修飾的名詞前或放在連綴動詞後。
如：hot, Taiwanese, her, that, some, whose…
The beautiful woman is wearing an ugly hat.
The music sounds beautiful.
4. 副詞(adverbs)：可以修飾動詞、形容詞與其他副詞。副詞的移動性很高，按照強調的部分不同可放在不同地方。
如：Always, usually, sometimes, quickly, late, very…等。
Sometimes, she takes a taxi to work.
She sometimes takes a taxi to work.
She takes a taxi to work sometimes.
5. 感嘆詞(interjections)：用來表達強烈的情緒或驚訝。
如：oh, wow, yeah, ouch…等。
Oh! I didn’t know that was you.
Wow! It’s unbelievable.
6. 動詞(verbs)：用來描述一個動作或狀態。可分為行為動詞(action verbs)、連綴動詞(linking verbs)與助動詞(auxiliary verbs)。
a. 行為動詞：用來描述主詞的動作或狀態。
又可分為(a)及物動詞：此類動詞的後面一定要接受詞，受詞可為人或物。
如：like, want, buy, drink… 等。
Everyone likes Tom.
Jerome never drinks coffee.
(b)不及物動詞：此類動詞的後面不接受詞。
如：cry, rise, go, swim…等。
The baby is crying loudly.
The sun rises in the east.
b. 連綴動詞：用來連接主詞與主詞補語(可能為名詞或形容詞)。當主詞補語為名詞時是應與主詞相等的，當主詞補語為形容詞時，是用來描述、形容主詞。
如： be verbs(am, is, are, was…), seem, look, taste, appear, turn, feel…等。
Mary is a good student.
Rita looks very happy.
c. 助動詞： 其功用是與主要動詞結合成動詞片語而來表達特定時式或特殊語氣。
如：be verbs, have, do(注意這三個也可當一般動詞); will, would, can, could,
may, might…等。
I will call you when I get home.
I haven’t had anything all day. I am starving!
7. 介係詞(prepositions)：其後加名詞或代名詞結合成介係詞片語，用來表達位置、方向、空間、時間或因果。
如：about, around, in, on under, of, under, with, between, for… 等。
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
I get up at 7 o’clock every morning.
8. 連接詞(conjunctions)：用來連接單字(words)、片語(phrases)或子句(clauses)。片語是兩個以上的字一起組合而成。子句是一些字中有主詞與動詞。
如：and, but, for, if, before, because, when, either..or, both… and…等。
George and Mary like to go shopping together.
They will travel either to Japan or to Korea this summer.
Although John was sick, he still went to work.
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